MS.PS3C.a

(MS.PS3C.a)When two objects interact, each one exerts a force on the other that can cause energy to be transferred to or from the object.

MS.PS3A.b

(MS.PS3A.b) An object or system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions.

MS.PS3A.a

(MS.PS3A.a) Motion energy is properly called kinetic energy; it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its speed.

MS.PS2B.c

(MS.PS2B.c) Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively).

MS.PS2B.b

(MS.PS2B.b) Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass (e.g., Earth and the sun).